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Eponimical lexical items as the object of Russian translation.

By: Mathew Petrenko

Interpreters into Russian like to say that proper names are often transliterated and there is no need to bother translating them from English. It might even be seen in real life. Still, there are some proper namesdo not seem to fit the general pattern.

An instance are expressions thatare partially made of a proper name and there are also regular words. Here we mean eponymous word set. Though prior to defining the limits of the kind as well as other problematic questions connected with eponymic expressions functioning in Russian translations, it is vital to devote a little attention to the notion of the eponym and the way it works in the language of linguistics. All phrases inEnglish and Russian can be segmented into two big groups: proper names and appellative names. If you understand ancient Greek, you might know that the lexical unit “eponym” stands for “naming” or “giving the name”. In theearly days of history eponyms appeared from the names of real people, heroes or deities to be later used in the names of towns, tribes, objects and even governmental posts. In the period of a couple of centuries, the notion of “eponym” grew wider to include not only the some name, but also other objects that shared some metaphorical similiarity.

These days the linguistic term "eponym" is more frequently employed when you refer to regular words that have been singled out in a context on the basis of showing one word from the category of proper names to the category of common words with simultaneous allocation of metaphorical lexical meaning. Thus, we work with three elements of an eponym:

1. being or object

2. proper name

3. regular word.

When a translator deals with an English text, they should guess the background competence of the audience for which the English text was intended and the level of competence of the Russian audience. The connotation of eponym comes from the etymological context. Variations among these implications in the English and Russian tongues lead to a number of possibilities of appellativization of proper names. Linguistic competence of a speaker determines the level of clarity of an eponym. In that case there is a question: should the Russian translator take into consideration such problems? There is no doubt about the fact that such eponymisms as lolita "a sexually attractive young girl" or a superman “a very strong, very clever and very honest man" are obviously understandable both to English and to Russian speakers so making Russian translation of them does not lead to any problems.

Similar situation applies also to the eponymisms that have lost their clarity in both languages. (e.g.: Adonis named after a attractive guy loved by both Aphrodite and Persephone and killed by a wild boar, or the game of badminton that got its name from Badminton in the South West of England, country seat of the Duke of Beaufort, where people started playing it). However, the situation is more sophisticated if a particular eponymism is transparent in English, and hence it has a bit of lexical implication, and in the Russian language it fails to evoke any response from speakers who fail to link the common phrase and its lexical meaning with an appropriate eponym. As you see, not all eponyms make interpereters think hard. You will obviously come across some eponyms which are quite straightforward to see through.

Article Source: http://articles.tiptopweb.info

Russian translation agency TRANSNEED offers professional fast translations from English into Russian, as well as free Russian translation. Our company provides fast translation, desktop publishing, and software localization services.

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Eponimical lexical items as the object of Russian translation. addthis_pub = 'ex_plo_rer';

Eponimical lexical items as the object of Russian translation.