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CSET English Subtest I Early American Literature to 1700

By: Peter Lorison

American literature concerns handwriting or literature developed in the geographical region of the United States (Colonial America).

In the beginning, America was a series of British settlements on the eastern coast of the present-day United States. Thence, its literary origin begins as associated with the broader custom of English literature. However, unique American characteristics and the richness of its output usually now cause it to be categorized as a separated path and custom.

Puritanism and Early American Literature

Two Substantial New England Settlements:

Plymouth Colony

Flagship Mayflower comes in 1620
Leader - William Bradford
Settlers known as Separatists and Pilgrims
The Mayflower Compact provides for economic, social, and religious freedom, while keeping relations to England.

The Massachusetts Bay Colony

Flagship Arbella comes in 1630
Leader - John Winthrop
Settlers are by and large Puritans
The Arbella Covenant distinctly provides for a religious and theocratic settlement, free of ties to England.

Beliefs of the Puritans

Complete Depravity - with the fall of Adam and Eve everyone is sinful - construct of Prototypical Sin.

Absolute Election - The Lord delivers those He wishes - only some are selected for salvation - construct of preordination.

Constricted Atonement - Jesus died for the chosen alone, not for the multitude.

Irresistible Grace - God's grace is freely given, it cannot be attained. Grace is defined as the delivering and transfiguring force of The Lord.

Reversion - The belief that saved believers, those with apparent signs of grace, can fall into temptation and become sinners. To stop this from happening, followers were expected not to become smug, engage in constant narcissism, and pray constantly. Satan was particularly intent in snaring such church members.

Puritan Authors Functions

To lift up The Lord.

To metamorphose a mysterious Lord - mysterious because He is apart from the world.

To have God more related to the population.

The Style of Puritan Writing

Puritan's writing mirrored the character and scope of the reading populace, which was literate and well-schooled in religion.

Protestant - strive against ornateness; reverence of the Bible.

Puritan Writers

William Bradford (March 19, 1590 – May 9, 1657) was the head man of the separatist colonists of the Plymouth Colony in Massachusetts, and was picked thirty times to be the Governor. William was the essential designer of the Mayflower Compact. He is attributed with the first to proclaim what mainstream American society now holds as the first Thanksgiving.

Anne Bradstreet (1612 – September 16, 1672) was the first American female writer to have her works promulgated. Virtually all of Anne's poetry is based on reflection of the environment around her, focusing mostly on home life and religious themes. Long considered mostly of historical interest, she won critical acceptance in the 20th century as a writer of enduring poetry, specially for her series of religious poems called "Contemplations", which was not published until the mid-19th century and written for her family.

Captain John Smith (1580 – June 21, 1631), was an English author, soldier, and sailor. John is remembered for his part in establishing the first permanent English colony in North America at Jamestown, Virginia, and his short-lived association with the Native American girl Pocahontas during an affray with her father Chief Powhatan of the Powhatan Confederacy. His books were as significant as his actions, for they encouraged more English men and women to come to America to colonize the New World. John gave the name New England to that region, and encouraged people with the words, "Here every man may be master and owner of his owne labour and land...If he have nothing but his hands, he may...by industrie quickly grow rich." It was a potent sentence, which pulled in millions of people to America over the next four centuries.

Samuel Sewall (March 28, 1652 - January 1, 1730), was a Massachusetts judge, ill-famed for his role in the Salem Witch Trials, for which he later apologized, and his denouncement of slavery in "The Selling of Joseph".

Michael Wigglesworth (October 18, 1631 - June 10, 1705) was a Puritan minister and poet writer whose "The Day of Doom" was a best seller in early New England. Wigglesworth thought that he was basically not righteous enough to believe in The Lord because of only being human. When he experienced a series of nocturnal emissions in his early life, he was thereafter confident of his eternal damnation. In his diaries, he depicts his struggle to remain pure and good, despite repeatedly reverting into what he viewed as man's instinctive turpitude.

This report is an extract from ACE the CSET English study guide and online course. In the course, we analyze all 13 authors of the Puritan period and continue on through the late twentieth century postmodernism literary period. The CSET English course has computer generated chronology, fill-in, and matching exercises that enable you to quickly memorize the information you need to pass the American literature section of the CSET English examination.

This helpful free article is provided to students by ACE the CSET. Visit our website for more information and thank you for your continued support.

Article Source: http://articles.tiptopweb.info

Peter Lorison is a education specialist and critic for ACE the CSET English which is the best way to prepare for the CSET English exam.

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CSET English Subtest I Early American Literature to 1700 addthis_pub = 'ex_plo_rer';

CSET English Subtest I Early American Literature to 1700